A Defender occurs as British newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. These are published Monday to Saturday in the Berliner format, with left-of-centre politics. Until 1959 it was called A Manchester Guardian, reflecting its provincial origins: a paper is however now and then referred to by this title, especially inside North America, although it has been based inside London since 1964 (with printing facilities around two Manchester & London).

In todays world A Protector is the lone British national newspaper to publish fully-colour (though non around Northern Ireland); it is as well a foremost newspaper in the UK to exist as printed on the Berliner size. the Shielder has a daily circulation of around 325,000 copies (Aug 2005), equally in comparison sales of 855,000 for the Daily Telegraph, 642,000 for The Times, and 220,000 for The Independent. A paper is for instance referred to as "The Grauniad" (coined by Private Eye), as a result of frequent typographical errors for which it became ill-famed in the era prior to computer typesetting.

A Guardian Unlimited web site won a Right Newspaper category in the 2005 Webby Awards, an award described by Time magazine as the online Oscar, beating the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal and Variety. [http://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/current.php#webby_entry_newspaper] It has been the winner for sextuplet years within a row of the British Newspaper Awards for Best Daily Newspaper in a internet (the pcsdotNet Award [http://www.newspaperawards.co.uk/]). A places won an Eppy award from a Me-depending magazine Editor & Publisher in 2000 for the best-designed newspaper online service. [http://royal.reliaserve.com/eppy/winners2000.html]

Ownership
A Protector is a portion of the Guardian Media Group of newspapers, radio stations, and freshly media including The Observer Sunday newspaper, the Manchester Evening News, & Guardian Unlimited, one of the virtually all popular on the net news resources using your internet browser. All the aforementioned come owned per Scott Trust, a good-hearted foundation which aims to assure a newspaper's editorial independence around sempiternity, maintaining its fiscal health to assure it doesn't turn into vulnerable to require on top by for-benefit media groups, & a good compromise of editorial independence that this typically will bring.

A Protector & its parent groups come the participant within Project Syndicate [http://www.project-syndicate.org/], established by George Soros, and intervened inside 1995 to save the Mail & Guardian in South Africa [http://www.mg.co.za/], but Guardian Media Group sold the majority of its shares in the Mail & Guardian in 2002.

History

A Manchester Guardian was founded around Manchester in 1821 by a class action of non-conformist businessmen headed by John Edward Taylor. A prospectus which announced a recently publication proclaimed that "it will zealously enforce the principles of civil and religious Liberty … it will warmly advocate the cause of Reform; it will endeavour to assist in the diffusion of just principles of Political Economy; and to support, without reference to the party from which they emanate, all serviceable measures."

A 1st editiin was published on May 5, 1821, at which time a Shielder was the weekly, published in Saturdays & costing Sevenerd.; the stamp duty on newspapers (4d. by a sheet) forced the price higher therefore high that it was uneconomical to publish supplementary oft. After a stamp tax was cut around 1836 the Guardian added a Wednesday edition; using the abolishment of the taxation around 1855 it became a day-after-day paper costing Twod.

Its best known editor, C. P. Scott, made the Manchester Guardian into a nationally famous newspaper. He was editor for 57 years from either 1872, and became its creator whenever he bought a paper from either a estate of Taylor's boy around 1907. Under Scott a paper's moderate editorial line became further radical, supporting Gladstone while a Liberals split within 1886, and opposing a Boer War against popular opinion.

Scott's friendly relationship sustaining Chaim Weizmann played a role in the Balfour Declaration, and in 1948 a Shielder was the supporter of the State of Israel. A story of a relationship between the Protector & a zionist movement and Israel is told within Daphna Baram's book "Disenchantment: The Guardian and Israel" (Pol's, 2003. ISBN 1842751190).

Around June 1936, to avoid death duty, ownership of the paper was passed to the Scott Trust (named when a go creator, John Russell Scott, world health organization was a number one chair of the Trust). This move ensured a paper's independence, & it was so noted for its nonconcentric style, its moralising & its detached attitude to its finances.

Traditionally attached by having a middle-of-the-road Liberal Party, & by using a northern circulation base, a paper earned a national reputation and the respect of the left in the period of the Spanish Civil War, when along using a currently defunct News Chronicle it was the just UK source of news that was non infected by trend lines for the subversive nationalists led by General Francisco Franco.

Within 1952 a paper took the step of printing news on the front home, replacing the advertizing that got up to now filled that space. A editor A.P. Wadsworth wrote, "it is not a thing I like myself, but it seems to be accepted by all the newspaper pundits that it is preferable to be in fashion".

Within 1959 the paper dropped "Manchester" from its title, becoming just A Shielder, & 1964 it moved to London, losing some of its regional agenda however continuing to become heavy subsidised by sales of the less noetic however tremendously additional profitable Manchester Evening News. A fiscal position remained highly unfortunate into a 1970s; at one time it was inside merger talks by having A Days. A paper consolidated its left-wing stance during a Seventies & 1980s but was both shocked & revitalised per launch of The Independent in 1986 which competed for similar readers and provoked the entire bill industry into a fight for circulation.

Around 1988 The Guardian got a important redesign; too when improving the quality of its printers ink, it besides changed its masthead to its soon-familiar (however there is no-protracted utilized when of 2005) juxtaposition of an italic Garamond "The", with the bold Helvetica "Guardian".

Around 1992 it relaunched its features section when "G2", the tabloid-format supplement. This innovation was widely copied per more "quality" flyer, & at last led to the rise of "compact" papers & A Custodial's move to the Berliner format. Inside 1993 the paper declined to participate in the broadsheet 'price competition' began by Rupert Murdoch's The Days. Too around 1993, The Defender bought The Observer from Lonrho, thus gaining the good Sunday newspaper locate similar political views.

Inside 1995, both a Granada Television programme World In Action and The Shielder were sued for libel by the then cabinet minister Jonathan Aitken, for their allegation that the Saudi Prince Mohammed bin Fahd had paid for Aitken & his married woman to stay at a Hôtel Ritz in Paris, which would have amounted to accepting the payoff in Aitken's a portion. Aitken publicly stated he would fight by owning "the simple sword of truth and the trusty shield of British fair play" [http://www.guardian.co.uk/aitken/Story/0,2763,208516,00.html]. A court outbreak proceeded, & around 1997 The Guardian produced grounds to believe that Aitken's claim of his married woman invite the hotel stay was untrue. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/aitken/Story/0,2763,208503,00.html] Within 1999, Aitken was jailed for perjury and perverting the course of justice. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/258070.stm]

In the period of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars The Guardian attracted a significant proportion of anti-war readers as one of the mass-media media outlets most critical of UK and USA military initiatives. A newspaper as well gained readers in the United States where there were few "anti-war" competitor.

Its international hebdomadally edition is at present titled A Guardian Weekly, though it retained a title Manchester Guardian Weekly for a few years fallowing a at home edition experienced moved to London. It includes sections from either the total of more internationally important newspapers of the somewhat left-of-centre inclination, including Le Monde. Inside 2004, The Protector introduced an on a internet digital version of its print edition, letting readers to download places from either the previous Xiv issues when PDF files.

Within August 2004, for the US presidential election, the daily "G2" supplement, edited by Ian Katz, launched an experimental letter-writing campaign in Clark County, Ohio, a small county in a swing state. Katz bought a elector names from either the county for $25 & asked humans to write to victims on the listings undecided in the election. the point of this venture was for the writers to give Clark County elector a taste of international opinion, forgoing endorsing any candidates. This stimulated something of the backlash, and in 21 October, 2004, a paper retired the campaign.

Ensuing a 7 July 2005 London bombings, The Defender gave large comment space to Dilpazier Aslam (see [http://www.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,1527323,00.html We rock the boat]), the 27-month-old British Muslim journalism trainee from Yorkshire. Aslam was the member of Hizb ut-Tahrir, an Islamist group, and got published the total of articles in their web site. Based on datthe from a paper, it did non understand that Aslam was a member of Hizb ut-Tahrir (view [http://media.guardian.co.uk/site/story/0,14173,1534494,00.html Background: the Guardian and Dilpazier Aslam]). A Home Office has claimed the class action's "ultimate aim is the establishment of an Islamic state (Caliphate), according to Hizb ut-Tahrir via non-violent means". A Shielder asked Aslam to resign, & – once he did non wash soh – terminated his employment (view [http://media.guardian.co.uk/presspublishing/story/0,,1534480,00.html Dilpazier Aslam leaves Guardian] registration req'd).

Within 2005 The Guardian moved to a Berliner paper format & changed the project of its masthead.

Moving to the Berliner paper format

Around 2004, The Defender announced plans to vary to the "Berliner" or "midi" format similar to that utilized by Le Monde in France and another European papers; at 470×315 mm, this is slightly big than the traditional tabloid. Aforethought for even a fall of 2005, this vary is either a response to, or hwhen the equivalent induce as, the moves by The Times and The Independent to start publishing within tabloid (or even "compact") format.

A benefit that A Defender understands in the Berliner format is that though these are little wider than the tabloid, & is so equally convenient to review in public transport, its greater height gives more flexibility around home project.

An article in the Independent on Sunday, dated January 30 2005, suggested that the move can be fraught by owning problems. When of January 2005, there is no press in the UK can make newspapers in the Berliner format. One of a Tutelar's presses is a portion owned by groups responsible The Daily Telegraph and The Daily Express who would likely expect compensation in case A Defender pulls out. These are contracted to apply a plant until 2009. A second click is shared by using a Guardian Media Group's north american local tabloid papers, which don't wish to switch to the Berliner format.

In Thursday 1 September 2005 The Guardian announced that it would launch a freshly format in Monday 12 September [http://media.guardian.co.uk/site/story/0,14173,1560525,00.html]. A Observer might watch around early 2006. A switch prices Guardian Newspapers £80 million & has exposed setting higher newly press within east London & Manchester. A papers come a 1st UK subject entity to print fully colour in each document. A freshly presses mean that printing might last correct through a 'gutter', a strip the middle of the centre web page. This has allowed a paper to print striking double report pictures.

In Friday 9 September 2005 the newspaper unveiled its new look front website [http://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Media/documents/2005/09/09/Newfront.pdf], which débuted in Monday 12 September 2005. Intentional by Mark Porter, the fresh look includes a newly masthead for the newspaper, its 1st since 1988. A fount is known as Guardian Egyptian. In the freshly project, there come no more font is utilized anywhere in the paper - completely stylistic variations are according to various forms of Guardian Egyptian.

Supplements and features
} In every weekday A Defender go with a G2 supplement containing feature, columns, television & radio list & a quickly crossword puzzle. Since a vary to the Berliner format, there is a separate day-to-day Sport subdivision. More regular supplements when you took a week include: ; Monday : MediaGuardian, Professional Hours

; Tuesday : EducationGuardian

; Wednesday : SocietyGuardian (covers a British public sector and related issues)

; Thursday : TechnologyGuardian

; Friday : Film & Music

; Saturday : the Helpful hints (a each week listings magazine), Weekend (the colour supplement), Review (covers literature), Money, Work, Rise (covering careers for just released graduates), Travel, Family

Though a independent news subdivision was in a big flier format, the supplements were everthing in the half-sized tabloid format, with a exception of the glossy Weekend segment which was the 290×245mm magazine & A Cure which was within the little 225×145mm format.

By owning the vary of a independent subdivision to the Berliner format, the specialist sections come nowadays printed when Berliner, when occurs as nowadays-daily Sports segment, however G2 has moved to a "magazine-sized" demi-Berliner format. The Thursday technology subdivision & day-to-day science coverage in the news subdivision replaced Life & On the net. Weekend & A Answer come however in a equivalent little formats when prior to the vary.

Regular columns
Country Diary (natural history) Notes & Queries

Talkboards
A Defender as well has the number of talkboards that are noted for their mix of political disussion & whimsy. It is spoofed in the ''Custodial's have regular humourous Chatroom column within G2. the burlesque column purports to exist as extract from either a chat room in permachat.co.united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, the very Address which points to The Custodial's talkboards.

The Guardian in the popular imagination
A lovesome title a Grauniad for the paper occur because, it used to be that, it wwhen noted for frequent text mangling, technical indicator typesetting failures & typographical errors, including it used to be that misspelling its have title as "The Gaurdian''" in the 1970s. Although such errors come nowadays less frequent than it wont to exist as, a 'Corrections & clarifications' column may however typically provide a select few amusement. There were potentially the total of errors in the number one issue, peradventure the virtually all leading light existence a notification that there would before long become occasionally goods sold at acton, instead of auction.

Until a foundation of the Independent, a Protector was a merely good national daily newspaper around Britawithin that was non clearly conservative in its political affiliation. A term "Guardian reader" is so typically utilized pejoratively by people world health organization don't agree sustaining a paper or even self-deprecatingly by people world health organization clean. the stereotype of a Tutelary reader occurs as human using left-of-center or even liberal politics rooted in the 1960s, working in the public sector, regularly eating lentils and muesli, wearing sandals and believing in alternative medicine and natural medicine as evidenced by Labour MP Kevin Hughes' largely rhetorical question in the House of Commons on November 19, 2001:

"Does my right hon. Friend find it bizarre — as I do — that the yoghurt- and muesli-eating, Guardian-reading fraternity are only too happy to protect the human rights of people engaged in terrorist acts, but never once do they talk about the human rights of those who are affected by them?" [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmhansrd/vo011119/debtext/11119-08.htm#11119-08_spnew3]

Prefer virtually all stereotypes, to a bit of extent this of these is two erroneous & obsolete. For example, a Tutelary's science coverage is now extensive & although its Weekend supplement features the column by Emma Mitchell, a natural health healer, & G2 was until a relaunch page to Edzard Ernst's weekly column on complementary medicine (Ernst is professor of complementary medicine at the Peninsula medical school, [http://education.guardian.co.uk/academicexperts/story/0,1392,1048903,00.html]), the paper now carries the Bad Science column by Ben Goldacre and a quizzical column in G2 called The Sceptic [http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,,1585944,00.html], which looks at the evidence for popular treatments and remedies.

A stereotype, still, occurs as lasting feature of British political discourse. Potentially doctors perpetuate it by using the acronym GROLIES (Guardian Reader Of Low Intelligence around Ethnic Skirt) in patient notes. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3159813.stm]

A Shielder has the tradition of spoof articles on April Fool's Day, sometimes contributed by regular advertisers such as BMW. the virtually all elaborate one was a travel supplement in San Serriffe.

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